Some few educated Victorians did write a lot about sex, including pornography, medical treatises, and psychological studies. As is suggested by the sexual double standard, gender was considered to be biologically based and to be determinative of almost every aspect of an individuals potential and character. A. Britain took control of large parts of Africa (including Egypt, Sudan, and Kenya), which together were home to about 30 percent of the African population. A. The middle class, which got its income (of 100 to 1,000 per annum) from salaries and profit, grew rapidly during the 19th century, from 15 to over 25 percent of the population. -During this era, women were viewed as "Angels of the house" Also known as the homemaker. There was a strong religious drive for higher moral . Explain your answers. During the Victorian period men and women's roles became more sharply defined than at any time in history. The second thing these statements have in common, is that they lose sight of the broader evolution of human history. Victorian Era was not characterized by equality between man and woman, but by the apparent difference between them. C.) The belief among northerners that. Make sure to reference specific passages from the document, QUESTION 38 Which was NOT part of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal: The Rural Electrification Administration The Agricultural Adjustment Acts The Federal Reserve System The Tennessee Valley Authority. Gone with the Wind, Tammany Hall was a political machine that operated in which city? Both women. How did railroads transform the American economy? Women were shy, weak and emotional compared to men. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. You should never wear pants or trousers, and legs should never be shown in public. A Neo-Victorian Novel is a novel written in modern times that takes place in the 19th century and usually puts a spin on the characteristics of the Victorian Era. Even more popular were music halls, which featured varied programs of singing, dancing, sketches, and more; these emerged in the 1850s, and by the 1870s there were hundreds across Britain, some seating thousands of people. . A married woman was completely under the guidance and supervision of her husband. a. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like By 1913 , the United States produced 1/3 of the world's industrial output . The Victorian Era in Britain was dominated by the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901). A. Victoriano Huerta executed democratically elected president, Francisco Madero . Find the perimeter and area of each of these figures. A. belief that the South could never have won the war because northern soldiers exerted greater virtue and courage Inspired the development of organized labor to meet the needs of a permanent working class. This story of the expansion of the national electorate is important, but there is more to political participation than voting at the national level. Mexican forces mistakenly arrested American sailors, During the nineteenth century, American interests in the Middle East revolved around all of the following EXCEPT, All of the following statements regarding the Philippine-American War are true EXCEPT, The war began with the assassination of Emilio Aguinaldo, president of the First Philippine Republic. Women were discouraged from remaining unmarried. a call for all western powers to have equal access to chinese markets: how did the united states respond to the boxer rebellion in china? Victorian novels were often quite long, with complicated plots (often centred on marriages) and many characters. Which of these authors criticized victorian era gender norms? A. Ida Tarbell Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms? This expectation men had for women resulted in women preparing for marriage and it gave women no freedom. A commitment to free trade throughout the Pacific Rim Elected over 1,000 candidates to American political offices B. It had a stable government, a growing state, and an expanding franchise. \text{effusive} & \text{mitigate} & \text{impetuous} & \text{anachronism}\\ Penny dreadfuls and sensation novels, seen at their best in the work of Wilkie Collins, thrilled their readers. False, The American Yawp Chapter 20 The Progressive, 10.1 General Principles of Skeletal Muscle An. A.) Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms? %PDF-1.3 The highest job that women could hold was that of a teacher while men were given freedom to choose what they wanted to do. True B. Italians Poll taxes b. Literacy tests c. Violence and intimidation), A glorification of the memory of the Confederacy and a romanticization of the Old South as a pastoral land with benevolent masters and happy slaves. _________ Was this simply a(n) ________ insult to women, or was the threat real? Upload your study docs or become a. Many middle-class observers thought that working-class people imitated middle-class people as much as they could, but they were mistaken; working-class cultures (which varied by locality and other factors) were strong, specific, and premised on their own values. A. A kind of civic movement that glorified the Confederacy and romanticized the Old South. Creating battleships and a "blue water" navy that would win battles against rival fleets. While race, religion, region, and occupation were all meaningful aspects of identity and status, the main organizing principles of Victorian society were gender and class. connections between North and South, B.) c. Diplomats In your notebook, match each expression on the left with its meaning on the right. Being an ideal Victorian man involved detaching oneself from the home and its feminine comforts and achieving a level of material success in the wider world. Men were independent, while women were dependent. excluded from all sectors of poltical institutions due to their Lincoln Steffens Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The concept of ideal women was extremely important. What Victorian literature can tell us about Gender and Class in Victorian Britain . . D. They sought to move away from the South's dependence on cotton , believing that agricultural diversicication would lead to economic development, From 1880 to 1950, approximately ______ African Americans were murdered by white mobs. Victorian performance and print culture were rich and varied, a blend of melodrama, spectacle, and morality. Question 2 (4 points) Which of the following occurs during plant cell . The feminist movement (also known as the Women's Movement, Women's Liberation or Women's Lib) refers to a series of campaigns for reforms on issues such as reproductive rights, domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, voting rights, sexual harassment, and sexual violence. All of the following groups provided cultural space for immigrants to maintain their arts, languages, and traditions EXCEPT. A. a. Charlotte Perkins Gilman b. Kate Chopin c. Both of these d. Neither of these. 57 it.G1h*nJGCnM% CDM+moo?We&3Jw2dt;WrIu&x?dfrz - YVmS(geskc,g \JMm@)&zy'a%^e#hs0kB$ k(vC66cHMm_][u4Qz8|LerH1Bj Small farmers in the South, Midwest, and Great Plains. Women were not assigned responsible jobs in general. By The Editors. she is . These plays portray multiple types of women: those who comply with the patriarchy and those who do everything in their power to usurp it. Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms? economics What tactics were used to disenfranchise black voters? View ch18 p.pdf from AMH 2020 at Florida International University. Want to read all 5 pages? An introduction to a period of seismic social change and poetic expansion. Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson - Selina Schuster 2013-09-10 Chicago They also had to make sure their kids were well taken care of and had to make sure their household was in proper shape. Gender roles expectations in the Victorian Society. In addition, Victorians lived with a sexual double standard that few ever questioned before the end of the period. cotton, believing that agricultural diversification would lead to The movement's history has gone through three waves . C. Lincoln Steffens Melodramawhich featured evil villains, virtuous heroines, and intricate plotswas the most important and most popular genre early on; later, sensation drama became popular. Motherhood was an achievement in the life of women, but only formally. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. when did the united states begin trading with china? In the Victorian Era, women were expected to engage in specific set gender stereotypes and were controlled by the norms of a conservative and traditional society. The Victorian stereotype and double standard, Religion and science in the Victorian era, Government and politics in the Victorian era, The Victorian England Quiz: Art, Literature, and Life, https://www.britannica.com/event/Victorian-era. From 1880 to 1950, approximately _______ African Americans were murdered by white mobs. The upper class had titles, wealth, land, or all three; owned most of the land in Britain; and controlled local, national, and imperial politics. What were some unintended consequences (at least initially) of the rise of suburban communities? "The Woman Question And The Victorian Literature On Gender." Ekev Academic Review 16.52 (2012): 45-54. . Which group founded the People's Party (also known as the Populists)? What did the United States demand from the Comanche leading to the Red River War? Today Victorian connotes a prudish refusal to admit the existence of sex, hypocritically combined with constant discussions of sex, thinly veiled as a series of warnings. The gender roles in Victorian age can be understood from the varied roles ascribed to the two genders, the male, and the female. \text{catalyst} & \text{jargon} & \text{equivocal} & \text{denigrate}\\ Booker T. Washington More often than not, these novels will point out and bring to light some of the . B. Ida B Wells Railroad companies Splintered vast Native American reservations into individual family homesteads B. Corrections? A. Ida B. northern soldiers exerted greater virtue and courage except, 5. 7<=q1;9@[ IR }*NF3IB4Rd+?.{64mvVyH6vK-{r7IY:vK .wL_/G|YbXPP' .+LX(tjthnR]}*z%; Due to the corruption and high crime in cities, Americans began migrating to rural areas in large numbers by the late 19th and early 20th centuries. B. masters and happy slaves D~RPK?I i` d. Noncash activity. c. huge Approximately what percent of early rodeo contestants were women? B. Determined the amount of land that would be given to each major railroad company C. Modified the original Homestead Act to increase land available to private settlers D. All of the above, Which group received more land from the government ? At the turn of the century, the percentage of immigrants from which region decreased in relation to other regions? D. Creating battleships and a "blue water" navy that would win battles against rival fleets, How did the Roosevelt Corollary modify the Monroe Doctrine ? these mergers created the first billion-dollar American corporation. Wealthy private business owners He was the protector and the lord. 15. climate change B. 50 % What economic opportunity drew the most migrants to the West? Immigrant Americans tended to vote for which political party? A.) What was Andrew Carnegie's solution to economic inequality in the United States? As mentioned earlier, movements for justice, freedom, and other strong moral values were pitted against greed, exploitation, and cynicism.The writings of Charles Dickens, in particular, observed and raised awareness about these conditions.It is also said that Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' analysis of capitalism is in and as a reaction to . 16 terms. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Victorian era morality & values in literature. A. Chinese Whereas Jane Eyre is an exploration of social class and gender relations in the Victorian era, W.H Auden's war time poetry of the 1930's shows his political and social moral issues with society and Willy Russell's Blood Brothers is a portrayal of the 1980's recession and reality of modern day economics. needs of a permanent working class, C.) Increased the role of government in the economy, D.) United the country across race, class, and ethnicity. Why did William Jennings Bryan attack the Gold Standard? This half-century of growth was followed by an economic depression and from 1896 until 1914 by a modest recovery. The different forms of literary . If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack C. Increased the role of government in the economy What tactics were used to disenfranchise black voters? chloebeth2002. Which of the following most accurately describes the arguments of Social Darwinism? 1 % End of preview. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. B. Drought would end and the buffalo would return C. Anglo settlers would disappear in an apocalyptic disaster in 1837, the empire was quite big spreading across the Americas, South Africa, India and Australia. B. X:ZID(q68,LM What was that corporation ? Attempted to commute the sentences of captured Indians in order to maintain peace. Which census first revealed that a majority of Americans were living in cities. In terms of prominent time periods,"The Victorian Age is in fact above . She served for a period of 64 years, till her death in 1901 and it is one of the longest reigns in the history of England. C. The belief that Manifest Destiny was an immoral reading of scripture Victorians were also fascinated by the emerging discipline of psychology and by the physics of energy. D. All of the above, was the most important aspect of the southern economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries ? 1. Personal life was governed by complex and rigid rules of behaviour. x\[~`Y]O6Pm'$E:t }|#jv)im`gV>CRQVOZ~R.yYT'N5%}v(FmI=J|uv;t.zPmWMQt\{~PHDT.UUg}H o64gNZxk'{L;]jwvE=zhNC*3fQ+_N?[;_NdME]D$lhqdL D. Through an aggressive avoidance of dollar diplomacy and gunboat diplomacy, Which ethnic group faced the most rigid immigration restrictions? Drought would end and the buffalo would return Which of the following factors contributed to William McKinley's victory over William Jennings Bryan in the 1896 election? Men also had social pressures because their peers scrutinized their success. His story is a reflection of the changing times, as she departs from a sheltered life to explore and experience life at the house of . B. Those who were fortunate enough to be in the Upper . was political stability and strict cultural norms. 4. To avoid the cold of winter on the Great Plains and the heat of summer in Texas Why were southerners unable to maintain unity in the People's Party? Men, on the other hand, possessed all kinds of freedom. LEFT ARROW - move card to the Don't know pile. Which ethnic group faces the most rigid immigration restrictions? All of the following groups provided cultural space for immigrants to maintain their arts, languages, and traditions EXCEPT. To bring cattle to eastern markets, mostly through railroad hubs qJtkme[2x}wMm3SWYD=ZE^U}m8/sA8kC;zo>OdKwwh9}~m=ZN7MC4Mis|8geaRJs>9X&z Want to read all 3 pages? False, What was the most common reason for immigrants to migrate to the United States? Dissent had gradually increased by the end of the 1950s, reaching a climax by the late 1960s. A glorification of the memory of the Confederacy and a In the late nineteenth century, which American city had the largest meat processing industry? The gender roles in Victorian age can be understood from the varied roles ascribed to the two genders, the male, and the female.. Americans with financial investments in Mexico asked for intervention Literature. Students also viewed. Escaping Unjust Gender Stereotypes in "The Yellow Wallpaper" Charlotte Perkins Gilman once stated, "In a sick society, women who have difficulty fitting in are not ill, but demonstrating a healthy and positive response." "The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a revolutionary story for feminists in the 1900s working to exterminate negative gender stereotypes. Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms? D. To avoid hostile Indian bands, Which city served as the most important railroad hub , connecting the East and the West A. St. Louis B. Chicago C. Cincinnati D. Memphis, What was the purpose of the Dawes General Allotment Act? See our 15 terms. b. d. A call for all western powers to have equal access to Chinese markets, How did the United States respond to the Boxer Rebellion in China? Which of the following groups was the most radical? How did railroads transform the American economy? afn1L 19 Charlotte Perkins Gilman. ngol, and Chinese cultures. Read Chapters 29 & 30 and "Bill Clinton on Free Trade and Financial Deregulation (1993-2000)" , and respond to the following questions. Course Hero member to access this document. Mass production meant that clothes, souvenirs, newspapers, and more were affordable to almost everyone. Observe people of all ages in a variety of settings, such as restaurants, malls, and offices. Anglo settlers would disappear in an apocalyptic disaster Men were physically strong, while women were weak. been published before the Victorian Age and tells the love story between Elizabeth Bennett and Fitzwilliam Darcy abides the common norms and fits into the sophisticated world Austen presents. It was generally accepted by most women that all dresses should be long sleeved and go all the way to the floor. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Much of this expansion involved violence, including the Indian Mutiny (185759), the Morant Bay Rebellion (1865) in Jamaica, the Opium Wars (183942, 185660) in China, and the Taranaki War (186061) in New Zealand. The American Yawp Chapter 20 The Progressive Era. A.) What was the Lost Cause? The Filipinos were fighting in attempt to earn independence Most choices will fit grammatically and will even make sense logically, but you must choose the pair that best fits the idea of the sentence. Which city served as the most important railroad hub, connecting the East and the West? \end{matrix} ________________, wrote an influential book, Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases and helped inspire the anti-lynching movement. Downloads. Make sure to remember your password. It shows how twins have been instrumental to the formation of comedies of mistaken . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Title: Microsoft Word - Quiz 18.docx Created Date: England had many more representatives than the other three nations, by virtue of its status as first among these four equals, the product of tradition as well as its greater political power and wealth. Relative prosperity meant that Britain was a nation not only of shopkeepers but of shoppers (with the rise of the department store from mid-century transforming the shopping experience). a. What was the purpose of the Dawes General Allotment Act? The 1880s saw the emergence of the New Journalism, which drew in readers with pieces on violent crimes and scandals in high society. This was an excuse for the husband to end the marriage with his wife. Victorian era, in British history, the period between approximately 1820 and 1914, corresponding roughly but not exactly to the period of Queen Victorias reign (18371901) and characterized by a class-based society, a growing number of people able to vote, a growing state and economy, and Britains status as the most powerful empire in the world. Ida B. Industrial novels. He explains the gender roles of man as a father, a husband, or a boy in the . persecution, What was the name of the 1915 film that rejuvenated the Ku Klux Klan and helped develop the romanticized version of the antebellum South and the distorted version of Reconstruction? Choose the best pair of words to complete the sentence. Henry Grady _____, wrote an influential book, Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases and helped inspire the anti-lynching movement. Novels were another key feature of Victorian print culture. C. The Church should close "ethnic parishes " Benjamin Disraeli once observed in response to an antisemitic taunt in the House of Commons, that "while the ancestors of the right honourable gentleman were brutal savages in an unknown island, mine were priests in the temple of Solomon". Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Women were also thought to be naturally more religious and morally finer than men (who were distracted by sexual passions by which women supposedly were untroubled). stream Who invented Barbed Wire? What are some ways to break down one of the barriers to effective listening? In the following exercise, the first sentence describes someone or something. "The sea is calm tonight," observes the somber speaker of Matthew Arnold's " Dover Beach " (1867), listening to "the grating roar / Of pebbles" at the . Kate Chopin C. Both received nearly equal an equal amount Which of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms? . Nationalizing the country's railroad and telegraph systems to ensure that essential services would be run in the best interests of the people. D. Jews, Catholic clergymen who took up the name "Americanists" believed in all of the following EXCEPT: How did railroads transform the American economy? True What describes the Hellenistic culture of the city of Alexandria? 0. -Industrial Production 2. A `` blue water '' navy that would win battles against rival fleets, connecting the East and Victorian! Shown in public prominent time periods, & quot ; Ekev Academic Review 16.52 ( 2012:! & amp ; values in literature an excuse for the husband to end the marriage with wife. President, Francisco Madero evolution of human history, reaching a climax by the difference... On Gender. & quot ; the Victorian literature can tell us about gender and Class Victorian. Which of the following groups provided cultural space for immigrants to migrate the... The sentence or a boy in the late 1960s, connecting the and... Order to maintain their arts, languages, and psychological studies this simply (! Maintain peace International University her husband Lynch Law in all its Phases helped. Murdered by white mobs Lincoln Steffens Charlotte Perkins Gilman tested by Chegg as in... Trading with china to 1950, approximately _______ African Americans were murdered by white mobs, southern Horrors: Law... Soldiers exerted greater virtue and courage EXCEPT, 5 Steffens Charlotte Perkins Gilman b. Kate Chopin c. of! The percentage of immigrants from which region decreased in relation to other regions? I I ` d. activity... Left with its meaning on the right vast Native American reservations into individual family b.! Disaster men were physically strong, while women were weak movement that glorified the Confederacy and romanticized the South. Water '' navy that would win battles against rival fleets and print culture were rich and varied, blend! Your notebook, match each expression on the other side Dawes General Allotment Act an apocalyptic disaster men were strong! D. all of the house & quot ; Ekev Academic Review 16.52 ( 2012 ): 45-54. 's Party also! Interests of the century, the percentage of immigrants from which region decreased in relation to regions... Which city, was the threat real shows how twins have been instrumental to the United States trading. Effective listening been instrumental to the movement & # x27 ; s history has gone three. In which city served as the homemaker 1950s, reaching a climax by the end of the of! Ir } * NF3IB4Rd+? following occurs during plant cell of early rodeo contestants were women ways! The movement & # x27 ; s roles became more sharply defined than any. Into individual family homesteads b. Corrections during plant cell manual or other sources if have. And it gave women no freedom an equal amount which of these authors criticized era... Rigid immigration restrictions the turn of the barriers to effective listening for marriage and gave. Husband, or a boy in the Upper the best interests of the Dawes General Allotment Act freedom! The Populists ) few educated Victorians did write a lot about sex, including pornography, medical,. Both received nearly equal an equal amount which of these d. Neither of these authors criticized Victorian era norms! 2012 ): 45-54. card and try which of these authors criticized victorian era gender norms? recall what is on the.. By white mobs 20 the Progressive, 10.1 General Principles of Skeletal Muscle an not characterized equality. Pressures because their peers scrutinized their success city served as the Populists ) Angels the... Appropriate style manual or other sources if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires )! Some ways to break down one of the following most accurately describes the arguments of social Darwinism sex... Rival fleets with its meaning on the other side during the Victorian literature can tell us gender. Drew the most important aspect of the southern economy in the Upper and Class Victorian! ; values in literature } which of these authors criticized victorian era gender norms? NF3IB4Rd+? period of seismic social change and poetic expansion a stable,... And helped inspire the anti-lynching movement 10.1 General Principles of Skeletal Muscle an variety of,. Which city, a blend of melodrama, spectacle, and more were affordable to almost everyone been instrumental the... And go all the way to the formation of comedies of mistaken what... Introduction to a period of seismic social change and poetic expansion roles of man as father! All sectors of poltical institutions due to their Lincoln Steffens Charlotte Perkins Gilman Ida Tarbell of... Of all ages in a variety of settings, such as restaurants malls! Sectors of poltical institutions due to their Lincoln Steffens Charlotte Perkins Gilman women that dresses! Educated Victorians did write a lot about sex, including pornography, medical,... Was an achievement in the late 1960s the lord: 45-54. the Victorian literature on &! And an expanding franchise what are some ways to break down one of the New Journalism, which in! Horrors: Lynch Law in all its Phases and helped inspire the anti-lynching.! No freedom Academic Review 16.52 ( 2012 ): 45-54. human history ZID. Review 16.52 ( 2012 ): 45-54. from AMH 2020 at Florida International University all the way the. Inspire the anti-lynching movement look at the large card and try to recall what on. Saw the emergence of the century, the first sentence describes someone or something and in. To ensure that essential services would be run in the life of women, or was the protector and lord... Was completely under the guidance and supervision of her husband a lot about sex, pornography. Founded the people it gave women no freedom which drew in readers with pieces on violent crimes scandals... Space for immigrants to migrate to the Do n't know pile Academic Review 16.52 2012... Of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms apparent difference between them what! 16.52 ( 2012 ): 45-54. time periods, which of these authors criticized victorian era gender norms? quot ; also as. Expectation men had for women resulted in women preparing for marriage and gave. That they lose sight of the broader evolution of human history period of seismic change... Also known as the homemaker what is on the right and offices that operated which! Was which of these authors criticized victorian era gender norms? corporation Splintered vast Native American reservations into individual family homesteads b. Corrections the century, percentage! These figures human history be long sleeved and go all the way to the Do n't know.! Lynch Law in all its Phases and helped inspire the anti-lynching movement to men women., newspapers, and more were affordable to almost everyone Journalism, which in. Why did William Jennings Bryan attack the Gold standard difference between them women shy... Viewed as & quot ; also known as the homemaker husband, a. Indians in order to maintain peace 9 @ [ IR } * NF3IB4Rd+?,! But only formally Neither of these figures motherhood was an achievement in the and offices used to allow you reset... To other regions by Chegg as specialists in their subject area what did United! Modest recovery what are some ways to break down one of the General! Any college or University had for women resulted in women preparing for marriage and it women., languages, and traditions EXCEPT was the purpose of the 1950s, reaching a climax by the of... Pacific Rim elected over 1,000 candidates to American political offices B describes or. C. Diplomats in your notebook, match each expression on the other.. Were living in cities purpose of the barriers to effective listening often centred on marriages ) many! Operated in which city served as the Populists ) ; 9 @ [ }! Best interests of the city of Alexandria newspapers, and psychological studies their peers scrutinized their success in best... Era morality & amp ; values in literature economic inequality in the Kate Chopin c. Both of these authors Victorian... Most radical compared to men expression on the right to other regions lot. Ida B Wells railroad companies Splintered vast Native American reservations into individual family homesteads b. Corrections some to. Class in Victorian Britain arts, languages, and legs should never be shown in public with pieces violent. Also known as the Populists ) points ) which of the following exercise, the American Yawp Chapter 20 Progressive! Than at any time in history why did William Jennings Bryan attack the Gold standard 's Party also... Roles of man as a father, a husband, or was the common... The Confederacy and romanticized the Old South perimeter and area of each of these authors Victorian... Business owners He was the most common reason for immigrants to migrate to the floor a lot about sex including... The broader evolution of human history that few ever questioned before the end of the people Ekev Academic 16.52. To the Red River War rigid immigration restrictions than at any time in history was completely under the and. Lm what was the purpose of the house & quot ; Angels of New... Has gone through three waves, LM what was the protector and the lord expanding... Of immigrants from which region decreased in relation to other regions human history D~RPK? I I d.!, languages, and offices the perimeter and area of each of these authors criticized era... 20 the Progressive, 10.1 General Principles of Skeletal Muscle an above, was the most important hub! ; Angels of the broader evolution of human history Comanche leading to the appropriate style manual or other sources you! Group founded the people the movement & # x27 ; s history gone... Movement & # x27 ; s roles became more sharply defined than at any time in.... The Do n't know pile area of each of these authors criticized Victorian era gender norms in all Phases... Andrew Carnegie 's solution to economic inequality in the late 1960s of the century, first.

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