4. Reward systems must correspond to intrinsic factors if employees are to be motivated. It is much more decentralized and requires more participation from the managers, but assumes that workers would also be committed to the long-term goals of the company. It reduces security risks. Operations Management questions and answers, In the United States, workers', as defined by Maslow, have largely been met by minimum-wave laws and federal occupatioanl safety standards. It is necessary to reinforce that, although, at opposite extremes, Theories X and Y have a high context-dependence. We are hiring! Theory Y takes into account people's needs for companionship, esteem, and personal growth, whereas Theory X does not. Behavior modification is the most widely discussed application of equity theory, the theory that behavior can be strengthened or weakened through the use of rewards and punishments. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by Douglas McGregor,a management professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1950s and 1960s. May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. It is advised to use both theories together to suit the needs of all employees, as a working environment cannot be restricted to a two size fits all approach. 3. job enhancement 3. So far, I have spoken about how assumptions operate and how leadership shapes our attitudes as leaders or subordinates and the organizational culture. 25. option A is correct 4. Traditional classrooms do not enable the potential of almost all students. 5. involvement, According to Herzberg's theory, the presence of which of the following factors is likely to motivate employees though their absence may not result in dissatisfaction? Please note that Theory Z is not a Mcgregor idea and as such is not Mcgregor's extension of his XY theory. The common motivation methods in the healthcare industry include monetary rewards, training, off duties, and leaves just to mention a few. We will write a custom Coursework on Maslows Hierarchy and McGregors X and Y Theory specifically for you for only $11.00 $9.35/page. C. people will seek and accept responsibility. 4. the average worker has little ambition. Perhaps the most noticeable aspects of McGregor's XY Theory - and the easiest to illustrate - are found in the behaviours of autocratic managers and organisations which use autocratic management styles. Frederick Taylor vs. Douglas McGregor vs. Elton Mayo. 2. Ideal for all companies 1. recognition Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. His ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people: McGregor's ideas significantly relate to the modern understanding ofthe Psychological Contract, which provides many ways to appreciate the unhelpful nature of X-Theory leadership and the useful constructive beneficial nature of Y-Theory leadership. Businessballs has been used by over 120 million people over the last 10 years. Theory Xmanagement hinders the satisfaction of higher-level needs because it doesnt acknowledge that those needs are relevant in the workplace. Open communication and regular incentives are the foundation of this theory, as managers believe in not controlling the staff but collaborating with them. 2. her subordinates avoid responsibilities. Managers also have assumptions about their employees in Theory Y: These assumptions lead to a better managerial approach and this greater satisfaction in the workplace. 1. Management styles impact organizational goals. A)the traditional view of management.B)the humanistic view of management.C)Herzberg's hygiene factors.D)Herzberg's motivational factors.E)the equity theory. 1. Under appropriate conditions, the human being, on average, leans towards not only accepting but also looking for responsibilities. Businesses who utilize a Theory X approach often have multiple levels of management with a low rate of delegation. 2. 3. ignore the security needs of his employees. Effort in work is as natural as work and play. They need guidance throughout their work journey and look for a controlled management system to understand the task well and complete it on time. Theory Y clarifies that through the right organizational environment, the development of human resources is much more optimized and can be better used. After employing a particular theory, monitor its performance. McGregors X and Y Theories enable managers to identify employee issues and solve them with the right rewards, recognition, and punishment if required. Corresponds to real life as well- we thought we were the center of the universe for a while! Managers should watch these employees, threaten and guide them to complete the job on time. (2022, May 11). The capacity to use a high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organisational problems is widely (not narrowly) distributed among the population. Allow employees to move from one job to another Theory X managers focus on esteem and social needs, while Theory Y managers only focus on self-actualization needs. The use of this material is free for self-development, developing others, research, and organizational improvement. The next part of McGregors theory is Theory Y. 5. physiological needs, Aaron has satisfied his physiological needs as well as his security needs. B. the humanistic view of management.C. D. Herzberg's motivational factors. Business Studies. Theory X, Theory Y. Application of Vroom's Theory of Expectancy, Theory X - 'Authoritarian Management' Style, Theory Y - 'Participative Management' Style, Tools for Teaching, Understanding and Evaluating XY Theory Factors, McClelland's Achievement-Based Motivational Theory and Models, 2. In addition, competition has compelled all organizations to come up with plans on how to increase production at the least cost possible. This led them to use rewards and punishment as their primary means to motivate employees. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means of arousing efforts towards organizational goals. 4. social needs 2. What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies? It is the managers responsibility to identify team members requirements and select the right management style. His major writings are cited along with two volumes which were actually published several years after his death by Bennis, Caroline McGregor, and Schein. Employee Engagement | Delegation Skills |Change Management | Emotional Intelligence | Diversity in the Workplace | OKRs | Feedback | Star Interview Questions |Intrinsic Motivation |Agile Leadership | Time Management | Leadership Qualities| Company Culture | Management Skills | Employee Motivation | Mindful Leadership | Managing Up | Building Resilience | Stress Management Tips |What is a Change Agent? Workers need consistent rewards and punishments to ensure their task is completed. 5. the average worker prefers to be directed. Be aware also that many X-Theory managers are forced to be X-Theory by the short-term demands of the organisation and their superiors - an X-Theory manager is usually someone with their problems, so try not to give them any more. C. Herzberg's hygiene factors. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. McGregor's XY Theory of Management - The Simplest explanation ever.McGregor's Theory of Management is one of the fundamental motivational theories management. Workers have little motivation and prefer direction from their superiors. Identifying the issue causing the work to suffer will help the manager analyze individual employee needs better. When workers are motivated they tend towards higher productivity in that they will produce more for a given level of resources than poorly motivated workers will. Necessary rewards upon task completion can be given to keep employees motivated. Theory Y is McGregor's other modem view of the nature of man. Theory X and Theory Y: Which Enhances the Staffs Performance Better? Employees might exploit their decision-making power by bringing in personal interests over organizational goals. Most human beings are not very fond of working and will avoid completing a task. 4. improves the company's ability to recruit and retain workers who wish to balance work and home life. 5. Theory X is an authoritarian style of management that assumes employees want to be . Every worker deserves a cookie and privacy! Influencing such major management gurus such as Peter Drucker and Warren Bennis, McGregor's revolutionary Theory Y-which contends that individuals are self-motivated and self-directed-and Theory X-in which employees must be commanded and controlled-has been widely taught in business schools, industrial relations schools, psychology departments . There are many similarities between Theory X Theory Y and Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. Herzberg's two-factor theory. Douglas McGregor work is established in motivation theory. McGregor's X-Y theory is a salutary and simple reminder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of day-to-day business are all too easily forgotten. 4. when two people do one job. Herzberg's motivational factors. Why are some managers reluctant to offer telecommuting options to their employees? He noted, though, that whether a manager could explicate his/her theory was unimportant, because a manager's theory (attitudes) could This theory was first introduced in his book, "The Human Side of Enterprise." It generally highlights two different management styles such as - Authoritarian (Theory X) Participative (Theory Y) Students prefer to have the instructor direct their learning and not take on that responsibility themselves. Reduce a company's operating expenses T or F, Good News, a public relations agency, has a rule that employees can choose their start and end times as long as they were in the office between 9:30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m. McGregor showedat a time when labor-management relations were becoming more adversarialthat there was another way to view workers and leadership. E. the average worker does not like to be directed. In 1960, Douglas McGregor, an American Social Psychologist, has published a book entitled "Human Side Of enterprise". 2. What does this scenario highlight about laid-off workers in terms of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? McGregor's work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of Abraham Maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: 1. 4. McClellands Three Needs Theory: Power, Achievement, and Affiliation, Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory: Two-factor, Instructional Design Certificate (Fully Online), ADDIE Instructional Design Certificate Program (Fully Online), Instructional Design Models Certificate (Fully Online), Model of Motivation: ARCS Instructional Design. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. How to apply Theory X and Y in the workplace. ________ involves changing behavior and encouraging appropriate actions by relating the consequences of behavior to the behavior itself. We are talking about a model that generated positive results in the industrial age until the end of the 20th century. Managers follow their team members until they complete the task. Is there an internal conflict between team members? Theory X is the negative theory that focuses on supervision, and Theory Y is the positive theory that focuses on rewards and recognition. 1. William Ouchi. Douglas McGregor expressed his views of human nature in two sets of assumptions. Workers are willing to accept challenges and are proud of the work that they do. In a strict environment with little autonomy, workers were indeed unhappy and lacking ambition. Douglas McGregor (1957) developed a philosophical view of humankind with his Theory X and Theory Y two opposing perceptions about how people view human behavior at work and organizational life. 4. extrinsic motivation In the United States, workers', as defined by Maslow, have largely been met by minimum-wave laws and federal occupatioanl safety standards. It was inspired by Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and its roots are also based in the Motivation Theory. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. But what does it mean in practice? McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to: The theory can lead to managers becoming lazy, as they can delegate and decentralize all work to their subordinates in the name of transferring authority. The idea behind using letters X and Y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness associated with these theories. Managers assume that employee demotivation can be solved through a decentralized method in which collaboration, trust, and team relationships are enhanced. However, if the employees behavior does not change, it is time to change tactics. They try to avoid responsibility; therefore, extreme control is required. Theory Y managers maintain more control and supervision over their employees than Theory X managers. Job enrichment Required fields are marked *. 4. A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated. It is not necessary to threaten students with lower grades; they are not naturally lazy. I'd say Ewan Mcgregor since he was originally gonna play strange in 2016 and + he still had the beard since he was playing obi wan the same years . He used his knowledge of psychology and other areas of the behavioral sciences to seek insight into the minds of employees. The Theory X management style is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes the following: The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. If she logs 40 hours in four days, she can have a three-day weekend. IvyPanda, 11 May 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. McGregor identified that people act according to their premises and assumptions. 3. 2. extrinsic need . McGregor makes the point that a command-and-control environment is not effective because it relies on lower needs for motivation, but in modern society those needs are mostly satisfied and thus are no longer motivating. Aliyah is likely to assume that: The soft approach results in a growingdesire for greater reward in exchange for diminished work output. A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated with: A. Frederick Taylor. 1. job rotation. Do you want to contribute to the future growth of Management 3.0? Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business Theory X and Theory Y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, Mcgregor's X-Y Theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. 5 What was the ultimate result of the Hawthorne studies? Since theory X is based on the assumption that workers need to be supervised closely the company's applying this theory will ensure that workers are closely monitored by supervisors which will result in less time wastage by the workers leading to an increase in productivity of the workers. 1. Theory X is useful for less experienced employees who have just stepped into the professional world. A goal C. Douglas McGregor. 3. 2. when a company shortens the work hours through the week to avoid layoffs. However, superior leaders in healthcare centers are expected to have excellent leadership qualities for quality work. 3.0 Managers are, in essence, managers who believe in Theory Y assumptions for leading teams. 4. Abraham Maslow. A problem Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. 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A decentralized method in which collaboration, trust, and leaves just to mention a few towards! Mcgregor influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting of.

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